Ebru has its origins in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, dating back to the 8th and 9th centuries, and is rooted in Siberian and Central Asian Turco/Altai shamanism. The main roles of the Shamans (Kam) were as healers, communicating with spirits to connect different worlds. The most powerful Kams were (and are) women. During their rituals, Kams would dress femininely, make feminine movements, and produce feminine sounds. Even male Kam's would adopt these traits to strengthen their power over the spirits by convincing them they were female. Some Kams also made prophecies through a form of fortune-telling where they threw paint onto an aqueous surface and interpreted the resulting forms. Ebru is believed to have originated from this tradition. It later spread to Iran, India, and Anatolia via the Silk Road by Sufi dervishes, adopting the Persian name “ebru,” which can mean “face of water” (water surface), “cloud-like,” or “eyebrow.”
During the Ottoman period, Ebru was initially considered a handcraft. It was heavily used in endpapers for bookbinding and as backgrounds for works of hat (calligraphy) and teship(illumination). Ebru reached its refined form in Istanbul, passed down through generations by master-student relationships in dervish lodges. It has been regarded as a mystical art form that occurs in the "moment."
Today, Ebru still exists within Islamic art, carrying its own symbolic meanings. It is thought to be a joint creation of a partial will (human) and a universal will (God). This belief stems from the fact that it is impossible for Ebru to appear in the same form twice, the limited control over the water surface, and the role of chance and mistakes in the creation process.